La fabrication additive est constituée de sept familles normalisées de procédés de fabrication par ajout de matière, plus précisément tranchage numérique puis reconstruction physique couche par couche. Contribuant à la 4e révolution industrielle, elle a un impact sur de nombreux métiers.
Cet ouvrage définit ces concepts dans la chaîne numérique du développement rapide de produits et au sein des processus technologiques associés à la fabrication additive. Sont ainsi traités les règles de conception, l'hygiène et la sécurité, les moyens de mesure, des études de cas, l'offre marché...
Cette nouvelle édition, mise à jour des dernières avancées technologiques, est destinée aux ingénieurs en bureau d'études, aux concepteurs et aux designers, mais aussi aux makers et à tous les passionnés de ces nouveaux procédés.
Materials are at the core of our societies and of our economies. They are part of pressing environmental challenges but they also provide powerful answers. It is therefore no longer possible to think of materials from the restricted standpoint of Materials and Engineering Sciences and this book proposes a more holistic vision of their connection with the Environment and with Society.
The book is meant for students, researchers, engineers, and concerned citizens interested in how materials, nature and people interact: at the level of raw materials and energy resources, of innovation and emergence of new materials functions, of historical continuity with materials of the past, and of emissions to air, water and soil and thus in connection also with health and toxicology issues, climate change and collapse of biodiversity. The book examines how materials relate to society with complex metrics, but also, more deeply, how they generate eco-social services, and, finally, have agency along with the people who use them and invent them (Actor Network Theory).
This book is unique in its approach across so many fields. There are many excellent treatises on materials science and more on industrial ecology. However, the connection with the social dimension of sustainability is still rarely discussed and the pluridisciplinary cocktail of approaches used here is truly new.
This book describes and comments on the results of research devoted to the studies of phase assemblages in the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe oxides chemical system, their stability and their evolution in our environment (temperature, pressure). Its aim is to be a research support, not only for researchers and development engineers but also more generally for others interested in materials sciences.
The book is divided in two parts; the first devoted to a description of `the system' using phase diagrams. The second explores the properties and uses of some of the minerals that are in widespread industrial and commercial use.
Much of the work presented in this book is fully original and corresponds to the research undertaken by François Sorrentino from his time at the chemistry department of the University of Aberdeen during the early 1970's, to recent years when he has resumed his interest in mineral research, particularly related to the synthesis of calcium silicates and calcium aluminates, and their industrial manufacture.
The present book is the continuation of a first volume, which dwelt on fairly classical materials science and environmental issues. This second volume of «Sustainable Materials Science» explores more broadly the connection of materials with the biosphere, the anthroposphere and society. There is a shift, therefore, from a STEM approach (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) to an SSH one (Social Sciences and Humanities).
This book is meant for students, researchers, engineers, social scientists and concerned citizens interested in how materials, nature and people interact. This volume concentrates on emissions to air, water and soil, on the connection with health and toxicology, climate change and the c collapse of biodiversity. It shows how materials exhibit a social value, in addition to their engineering properties and economic valuation. Materials also provide ecosystems services in the realm of industrial ecology. They are definitely social constructs. They exhibit agency. Their role, in their value chains, can be described in terms of Actors Network Theory (ANT).
This book is unique in its approach of overarching so many fields of knowledge. There are excellent treatises on materials science and on industrial ecology. However, the connection of materials with the social dimension of sustainability is rarely discussed elsewhere and the pluridisciplinary cocktail of approaches used here is truly new. The book positions itself in a worldview of four intersecting dimensions: materials and energy, space and time.
Les terres rares et métaux rares sont très présents dans nos biens d'équipement. Comment assurer à nos entreprises une sécurité d'approvisionnement ?
L'auteur, après avoir posé le problème dans ses dimensions techniques (usage, substituabilité), économiques (concurrence, monopoles, déséquilibres dans la filière) et géopolitiques (avec le poids énorme de la Chine), explore les solutions dans plusieurs directions dont le recyclage, le réengeniering, et une meilleure maitrise du Supply Chain Management.
Mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) is the third most well-regarded semiconductor after silicon and gallium arsenide and is the material of choice for use in infrared sensing and imaging. The reason for this is that MCT can be `tuned' to the desired IR wavelength by varying the cadmium concentration. Mercury Cadmium Telluride: Growth, Properties and Applications provides both an introduction for newcomers, and a comprehensive review of this fascinating material. Part One discusses the history and current status of both bulk and epitaxial growth techniques, Part Two is concerned with the wide range of properties of MCT, and Part Three covers the various device types that have been developed using MCT. Each chapter opens with some historical background and theory before presenting current research. Coverage includes: Bulk growth and properties of MCT and CdZnTe for MCT epitaxial growth Liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) growth Metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) Alternative substrates Mechanical, thermal and optical properties of MCT Defects, diffusion, doping and annealing Dry device processing Photoconductive and photovoltaic detectors Avalanche photodiode detectors Room-temperature IR detectors
Les polymères composites à base de fibres lignocellulosiques suscitent un intérêt considérable ces dernières années. L'objectif principal de ces matériaux est de remplacer les fibres de renfort classiques (verre, carbone) par des fibres d'origine naturelle (lin, chanvre, sisal, entre autres). En effet, ces fibres présentent de nombreux avantages : origine biosourcée, faible coût, faible densité et disponibilité. Cependant, la réalisation de composites à base de fibres lignocellulosiques pose encore de nombreux problèmes : variabilité des propriétés intrinsèques des fibres naturelles, compatibilité fibre hydrophile/matrice hydrophobe et dégradation thermomécanique des fibres au cours des procédés de mise en oeuvre. Résoudre ces problèmes demande une approche pluridisciplinaire, allant de la biologie à la mécanique, en passant par la science des matériaux et les procédés de transformation. C'est précisément l'objectif de cet ouvrage, qui est le fruit de la collaboration de nombreux universitaires, spécialistes reconnus de la question. Les principaux chapitres portent sur la production et les propriétés des fibres lignocellulosiques, les traitements de fonctionnalisation, les mécanismes de casse et les propriétés d'écoulement de ces composites, les procédés de transformation et de mise en oeuvre (extrusion, injection...), les propriétés mécaniques et, finalement, l'analyse du cycle de vie et la gestion de leur fin de vie.
